Edit decision list

0.00 - 0.09 ; Straight cut / Close up into a tracking shot walking into house
0.09 - 0.10 ; Straight cut / High angle shot walking up stairs
0.10 - 0.12 ; Straight cut / Tracking shot mid shot, climbing stairs
0.12 - 0.14 ; Straight cut / Close up of texting on a phone
0.14 - 0.16 ; Straight cut / Over the shoulder shot, texting on a phone
0.16 - 0.18 ; Straight cut / Mid shot going up escalators
0.18 - 0.20 ; Straight cut / Over the shoulder shot, going up escalators
0.20 - 0.22 ; Straight cut / Rising up the escalator shot
0.22 - 0.23 ; Straight cut / Mid shot shoes
0.24 - 0.28 ; Straight cut / Symmetry shot walking up escalators
0.28 - 0.31 ; Straight cut / Establishing shot of stairs
0.31 - 0.32 ; Straight cut / Sam walking past camera on stairs
0.33 - 0.34 ; Straight cut / Back to the establishing shot but Sam closer to the camera
0.34 - 0.35 ; Straight cut / Mid shot of couple and Sam walking past
0.35 - 0.37 ; Straight cut / Sam looking at couple and walking past

Summer Task Three - Development of editing

Primary methods of editing were very simple, for example the editor’s had to physically cut and glue parts of the film together in order to create continuous film. This was made possible by holding the film up to a light source and correctly identifying the desired frame to cut and/or join together. This method of work was very much dull and time consuming, however this method formed the under-structure of editing techniques.

The 'Moviola’ was introduced into the world of film in the year 1924. The 'Moviola' was a piece of editing technology. This particukpiece of editing equipment allowed editing within film to become much easier and allowed the editor to have a more precise method of editing film. It also brought about 'Edge Numbering’which allowed audio and visual to be edited in synchronisation.

In 1953, Steenbeck released their first Flatbed 16mm 4 Plate, ‘The ST200’ was born. ‘The ST200’ editor included optical sound and playback of 16mm perforated magnetic tape. The prime editing methods were still very practical and require the use of trim bins, guillotine’s and the use of a light table. ‘The ST100’ then followed, which was a 4 plate 35mm editor released in 1954. Following ‘The ST100’ was the first editor with back projection on a ground glass was the 35mm ‘The ST400’ which was later followed by ‘The ST500’ a switchable for standard film and Cinemascope.


Live television editing became the pioneering form of editing, which began in the early of the mid 40’s which led to ‘Kinescope Recordings’, which consisted of a camera recording a video screen of a live broadcast. This later proven to not be a very successful method as it led to various issues such as ghosting and banding, nonetheless TV Studios were using more ‘Raw Film’ in their ‘Kinescopes’, than most Hollywood film studios combined.

Non-linear editing is a form of offline editing, where raw footage is copied and edited without affecting the original tape, and the offline approach has been in film editing since the start. Offline editing is essentially the whole editing process, where editors cut and piece clips together in order to tell a story. However, online editing is a process that is performed in the final stages of the production, and is the fine-tuning of the project. This focuses on aspects such as the quality of the picture, colour correction, visual effects, and other fine details of the project. The online editor will also ensure that the production is broadcast safe by ensuring certain aspect ratios and video levels.

This method of editing is called Linear editing, the process of selecting, modifying, and arranging images and sound in a predetermined sequence. The simple hardware such as the moviola means that this method of editing is inexpensive and quicker for smaller editing jobs. However, in 1971 the first non-linear editor was introduced. The CMX-600 was a digital console consisting of two monitors. The right monitor played the preview video, and was used by the editor to make cuts and edits; the monitor on the left was used to display the edited video. It wasn't until 1991 that the term 'non-linear editing' became officially formalized, when companies such as 'Avid' publicly introduced their device: the Avid 1. At this point digital products began to replace the classic editing tools such as the moviola. This form of editing was largely computerized and operated in a way the the original content isn't modified during the editing, therefore editors didn't have to start over if a mistake was made. This was a huge development it allowed editors to access any frame in a digital video clip and 'cut-and-paste' that clip to a different part of the sequence.

• Non-Linear Editing System: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-linear_editing_system
• https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edwin-S-Porter

Research Methods evaluation

What went well during my research was that I found some of the stuff I needed however I didn't find out everything that I was looking for. This is because when I was doing my questionnaire I didn't really know what I was looking for. This lead to questions that were irrelevant for my music video. What I would do next time is create a second questionnaire based on my genre and narrative techniques to further knowledge. An example of this is the question about what genre should my music video be. The answers to the question were useless to me as I already chose the song I was going to be producing a music video for.
The research which was the most useful was the textual analysis, as I relied on the different genres of music videos I analysed to help influence me in the way I edited my own music video. This is because the genre of song I chose is under dance/electronic however I don't feel that all the way through the song. As the song goes through the verses it slows down, quite like the indie genre but as it gets to the chorus it then seems more dance and electronic. This is why I analysed different music videos to help me understand the way the genres are edited together.
What could've better was my questionnaire

Primary Research - analysing music videos

I like the way this music video has been shot because of how real it is. What I mean by this is that in movies when people go out on a night out their makeup is still perfect and in general when people wake up they have no bed head or anything. However, this video shows the best and the worst parts of a night out. Although throughout the video it is the same shot constantly, the slow paced editing (in some parts of the song) fits in to the mood she is feeling, then throughout the video when she is having a drink the editing pace picks up a bit faster and then edits along to the music. The pattern throughout the whole video is changing editing pace and technique.



I chose to analysis this music video as the concept is similar to my own ideas for my music video. In this music video you can clearly see Alex on a path to get this girl to come out and have a couple drinks with him, whilst he is high. Whereas in my video you can clearly see him texting a girl to come meet up with him, however he is only using a vape for the smoke. Within the video you can tell he is under the influence of drugs as you can see through his eyes but then the next shot would be what is happening in real life.
Throughout the video a hand held camera is used and I believe this is because the audience may get a better understanding of what he sees whilst under the influence.
At the end of the video Alex believes he has reached the girls house however you can see that he has knocked on the wrong door as an elderly woman is looking through the window. Although we see the girl in this music video, I think I want the sense of mystery about what he is on the road to get.



Goodwin's theory states that music genres each have their own particular characteristics which define them. Key conventions of pop videos are the performance element - where we see the artist performing their song, and either a concept or narrative based video. Katy Perry's 'Thinking of You' music video is narrative based, and although she is playing the protagonist, there are clips of her performing the song included throughout the video, therefore the video conforms to genre characteristics. A genre convention in editing is the use of fade-in and fade-out transitions, such as the opening and closing shots in the 'Thinking of You' video. The video also uses neutral colour schemes, another convention of pop music videos. The storyline of the video is also described in the lyrics, the lyrics talk about a couple separated by war, and the lyrics are reflected through the visuals of the music video; the video provides insight to the woman's life and relationship before the war, and shows her failing attempt to move on with another man. One particular example is where the artist sings: "I'm thinking of you", and the video cuts to a flashback clip of the couple, symbolising whom she is thinking of. The editing also amplifies the music, as jump cuts are made to the beat.

Client feedback - Promotional Video

Survey Anlaysis

From my sample, Rock, Pop and Indie were the top 3 genres of music people prefer to listen to. With this I will choose a track which comes under one or a hybrid of these genres.
Unfortunately this question is irrelevant as the song I chose is under the genre of house/electronic.

Narrative and performance were the most preferred type of music video. From this I will take away that people would prefer to watch a music video with a story.
This question proved very helpful as my music video has both a narrative and performance within.

From this research I will focus more on narrative as people prefer not to have the artist within the music which contradicts the performance question previously.
The most popular answer was 'no' in this question and this really helped me out as I don't know how I would've been able to put myself in the narrative.

Majority of people prefer fast paced editing but depending on the song that I choose depends on the tempo of the music depends on whether it is going to be fast or slow paced. However, I could incorporate both.
This question was not very helpful to me as I incorporated both into my video.

Most people tend to watch their music videos on youtube so I will most likely post on youtube.

Shot Type Video